THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SCIENCE STUDENTS’ BOOK BASED ON LEARNING CYCLE MODELS INTEGRATED OF ETHOSCIENCE TO IMPROVE CRITICAL THINKIN SKILL OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

 

Dessy Widyaningtyas*¹, Muslimin Ibrahim2 and Wahono Widodo3

 

¹⁾ Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia.

(dessywidya213@gmail.com)

²⁾ Dosen Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

³⁾ Dosen Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

 

ABSTRACK

The purpose of this research is to produce the product in the form of students’ book by applying learning cycle models integrated of ethnoscience to improve critical thinking skill in fourth grade students of primary school. The subject of the students’ book is the natural resource. Science learning in primary schools is still theoretical and lacks the development of critical thinking skills (Wahyuni, 2015: 48). This is because students are poorly trained in solving contextual problems that require reasoning in solving the problems (Wardhani and Rumiati, 2011: 2). Therefore, students improve to solve problems in life by applying local wisdom to be more easily understood. To teach the concept of science to students, can take advantage of environmental approaches that lift local wisdom called ethnoscience. Ethnoscience are defined as the tools of science possessed by a society / tribe derived by using certain methods and following certain procedures which are part of certain societal traditions, and the truth can be tested empirically (Sudarmin, 2015: 16). Ethnoscience learning activities will be applied to the learning cycle model as a bridge for students in finding their own knowledge. Learning cycle models is one of the learning models that provide ease in mastery of finding new concepts and building their own knowledge. Phases in the learning cycle model are engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration and evaluation.

The research method used is a development method that leads to the development of 4-D model model by Thiagarajan. In the development of 4D model, the researcher uses three stages of research which consist of (1) define; (2) design; and (3) development. This design uses One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. The research instrument used to collect data is the pretest-posttest sheet of critical thinking skill and student response questionnaire. The critical thinking skills test contains five indicators of critical thinking skills that provide simple explanations, build basic skills, summarize, provide further explanations, and organize strategies and techniques.

The results showed that the effectiveness of science students’ book based learning cycle integrated of ethnoscience get very good category. Based on the results of critical thinking skills test analysis, obtained a significant improvement with good category. This means that science text books developed with integrated learning-based cycle ethnosains effectively used in learning activities.

 

Figure 1. The test result of students’ critical thinking skills

Based on the results of the analysis shows the difference between the pretest and posttest results. Prior to learning, a complete percentage of students is 30%. This means students have no understanding of the material. On the posttest result seen 10 students complete with 100% completeness. The result of critical students 'critical thinking test by developing science students’ book based on learning cycle integrated of ethnoscience to improve students' critical thinking skill can be concluded that science student's book is effective and can be used in the learning process.