Last modified: 2019-07-10
Abstract
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium, a single-celled living creature that belongs to the protozoa group. Malaria is transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes containing Plasmodium in it. Plasmodium, which is carried through the bite of a mosquito, will live and multiply in human red blood cells. This disease can affect all age groups, both men and women. Until now, Indonesia is still classified as one of the malaria-endemic countries. Various prevention efforts continue to be carried out by the government, for example, by conducting fumigation in endemic areas. Fumigation is the prevention of malaria carried out by controlling malaria vectors, both adult mosquitoes and their larvae. However, fumigation requires large costs and harms the environment if carried out continuously. Therefore, another alternative is to use bacteria as biolarvacide. Biolarvacide is relatively safe to use because it does not pollute the environment or harms humans.
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On the other hand, to overcome malaria, the government continues to strive to provide treatment for sufferers who have been tested positive for malaria. Since 2004, the government has used Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) as the primary drug of choice for malaria. In this paper, a model for the spread of malaria will be constructed in the form of a SIS (human) - SI (mosquito) - B (biolarvacide) model consisting of five compartments with the intervention of biolarvacide, fumigation, and treatment. Furthermore, the basic reproduction number (R0) number is constructed to determine the endemic level of the model that has been formed.